HillĬontaining a wealth of new scholarship and rare primary documents, The Black Jacobins Reader provides a comprehensive analysis of C. James Archives series with Duke University Press…Įdited by Charles Forsdick and Christian Høgsbjerg with a Foreword by Robert A. Internet Bird Collection.Out now as part of the C.L.R. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. Black Jacobin ( Florisuga fusca), version 1.0. ^ a b c d e f g h Schuchmann, K.L., G.A classification of the bird species of South America. Females use a display flight to distract predators. Its nest is a cup made of fine plant fibers and cobweb, placed on the mid-rib of a large horizontal leaf, typically between 1 and 4 m (3.3 and 13 ft) up in a tree or shrub. The black jacobin breeds between July and May, and two broods per year are common. In addition to nectar, the black jacobin takes small insects on the wing and from leaves and spider webs. However, "congregations" of 50 or more have been documented in July feeding on patches of Dombeya wallichii, an introduced shrub. The species is highly territorial and defends food sources against conspecifics and other species. It feeds on nectar at the flowers of many native and introduced trees and shrubs and from bromeliads as well. The black jacobin forages at all levels of its habitat. The trend is for southward movement for the austral winter, though there are also winter records to the northwest in the cerrado biome of south-central Brazil. The black jacobin is migratory, but the pattern is not well understood. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1,400 m (4,600 ft). It mostly inhabits woodlands, gardens, and coffee and cacao plantations with tall trees. There are also scattered records from sites outside its primary range. The black jacobin is found in southeastern Brazil approximately from Bahia south through Rio Grande do Sul and into eastern Uruguay, and separately in southeastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina, and adjoining Brazil. Juveniles are dark except for a wide cinnamon band on the center and sides of the throat and a white belly and outer rectrices. The flanks are white, the inner rectrices black, and the outer rectrices white with black tips. Adults of both sexes are mostly black, with a bronzy-olive lower back and uppertail- and wing-coverts. The black jacobin is 12 to 13 cm (4.7 to 5.1 in) long.
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